ARTICLE XII SWIMMING POOLS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Sec. 34-566. Definitions.
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The following words, terms and phrases, when used in this article, shall have the meanings ascribed to them in this section, except where the context clearly indicates a different meaning:

Certified contractor means a contractor who:

1. Engages in the construction, alteration or modification of a swimming pool governed by this article;

2. Has passed an examination administered by the Fulton County Health Department (hereafter known as the health department) demonstrating his familiarity with this article;

3. Consistently complies with this article; and

4. Possesses a current business license and certification in good order.

Natural bathing place means a bathing facility or area together with associated buildings, appurtenances and equipment, on artificial or natural ponds, springs, lakes, streams or other bodies of water where the public is allowed to bathe or swim.

Spray pool means an artificial pool or area for nonswimming children into which water complying with this article is sprayed but is not allowed to pond.

Swimming pool or pool means a structure of concrete or other approved material and finish which is used or designed to be used for bathing, recreation, swimming or other related purposes, together with buildings, appurtenances and equipment required or used in connection therewith. Pools serving two (or less) private residences are excluded from this article except those pools described under subsection 34-567(d).

Training-special use pool means any pool designed to train basic or special swimming skills; the construction of this type pool is to be approved on an individual basis.

Wading pool means any pool used or designed to be used exclusively for wading and bathing by children and having a maximum depth of 18 inches.

Water slide-water flume means any recreational facility having a water channel, flume or slide for users to slide into a receiving pool, whether or not such pool is used for swimming.

Whirlpool, spa and hot tub means pools primarily designed for individual or small group bathing in which treated water is recirculated. These units may employ circulation, tempered water, air induction bubbles or combination thereof.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-1)
Cross reference(s)--Definitions generally, § 1-2.

Sec. 34-567. Approval required.
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(a) It is unlawful to begin construction or to alter, modify or operate a swimming pool or natural bathing place without having applied for and received written approval from the health
department.

(b) Those constructing or operating pools must comply with applicable regulations and codes, including building codes, electrical and plumbing codes, and must obtain from the appropriate
authorities applicable permits and approvals.

(c) The health department may post signs or require signs to be posted prohibiting use of any pool or natural bathing place not complying with this article. Signs shall be removed only by
the health department. No person may enter the pool enclosure while the pool is posted.

(d) All pools proposed to be constructed on premises where individual onsite sewage management systems are utilized must be approved by the health department prior to construction.

(e) All pools constructed without written approval from the health department shall be subject to compliance with the current regulation.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-2)

Sec. 34-568. Construction approval
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(a) Upon request, the health department shall provide application forms for approval.. of swimming pool construction. All applications shall be submitted and shall be accompanied with supplemental data on forms supplied by the health department.

1. All drawings, specifications and data shall be prepared and submitted by an individual certified by the health department.

2. Two sets of drawings of the construction project shall be submitted, containing complete details so as to clearly document to the health department the work to be undertaken. Dimensions of prints or drawings shall be no less than 18 by 24 inches nor more than 36 by 42 inches. Drawings shall be complete, shall comply with standard architectural/engineering practice, and shall bear identification of the certified pool contractor.

3. Complete specifications of the project shall accompany the prints including manufacturer's cut sheets and/or specifications on all equipment.

4. Any additional data required by the health department for purpose of clarification, anticipated use or to support any changes in design or scope of the project must be submitted prior to issuance of permit to construct. Maximum bathing load and maximum number of living/dwelling units in project shall be stated on plans.

5. The permit fee shall be remitted with the application to construct.

(b) The certified contractor shall be responsible for ensuring that all construction is performed in accordance with this article, and he shall be subject to the following conditions:

1. Certification shall be obtained by passing a written examination administered by the health department.

2. A fee may be required for certification.

3. No contractor shall abandon an incomplete installation.

4. A contractor's certificate may be suspended or revoked by the health
   department upon violation of any of the requirements of this article.

5. Suspension and revocation of a contractor's certificate shall be binding on the individual and the company by which he is employed.

6. Suspension of a contractor's certification shall be levied for a minimum of one year. Revocation of a contractor's certificate shall be levied for a minimum of five years. Two suspensions within a five-year period shall be grounds for revocation. A contractor with a suspended or revoked certificate will not be allowed to submit plans for construction nor construct a swimming pool covered by this article.

(c) The owner or agent for the owner may request a preliminary review of the plan by the health department without obtaining a permit to construct the pool. A fee shall be charged for this consultation service.

(d) All contractors shall have a current business license. The contractor, including subcontractors performing electrical, heating or plumbing work, shall each have a current license by the appropriate governmental jurisdiction. All work must be inspected and approved prior to final approval by the health department.

(e) All piping shall be water-pressure tested to a minimum of 50 psi for a minimum of 30 minutes and shall be inspected by the health department while exposed.

(f) A fee shall be charged for each additional plan resubmittal after the initial review. If the construction is disapproved on the initial inspection, then a fee shall be charged for each
additional inspection until a final approval is granted.

(g) If construction is not commenced within one year from the date of approval, the construction permit is invalid and the project must be resubmitted to the health department.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-3)

Sec. 34-569. Alteration/modifications approval.
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(a) Any alteration or modification shall be in accordance with plans and specifications approved by the health department. Changes in an approved project may be made only after written approval and consent of the health department.

(b) If alterations or modifications are not commenced within one year from the date of approval, the permit is invalid and the project must be resubmitted to the health department.

(c) A permit fee shall be remitted with the application.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-4)

Sec. 34-570. Operational approval.
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(a) The owner or person responsible for the operation must obtain a permit to operate from the health department before placing the pool in operation. Permits may be suspended or revoked for violation of this article. Permits will expire as indicated on the permit.

(b) Each operator shall maintain and make available for inspection onsite a daily record of operating information. The record shall include data on disinfectant levels, pH, maintenance procedures, together with such other data as may be required by the health department.

(c) All instructions necessary for the proper operation and maintenance of equipment and appurtenances must be easily readable and conspicuously posted in the filter or equipment room.

(d) A permit fee shall be remitted with the application to operate.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-5)

Sec. 34-571. Construction.
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(a) Finish and materials. Pools shall be constructed of inert, impervious, enduring, nontoxic materials which will provide a nonslip and easily cleanable surface. The surface shall have no cracks or open joints and interior corners shall be coved. The surface below normal water level shall be finished in a very light color. Vinyl liners are prohibited.  Rough and abrasive materials are prohibited.

(b) Shape and size. Pools shall be constructed of such shape and size as to provide adequate water circulation, bather access and egress and to afford proper operator control. Calculations for determining size of pool and the number and type of associated facilities shall be based on maximum bathing loads (see table II). Pool proportioning between deep and shallow water shall be in accordance with the anticipated uses of the pool. The minimum pool size shall be 500 square feet.

(c) Depths. Minimum depth of water at the shallow portion of the pool shall be three feet and at the deep portion minimum depth shall be five feet. Depth at the slope-break shall be five feet. In the diving well, depth shall be as stipulated in section 34-581. Permanent easily readable depth markings (minimum four-inch high numbers) indicated in feet (i.e., five feet) and visible from both inside and outside the pool shall be provided on both interior sides of the pool above normal water level and on the deck at the shallow end, at the slope break and at the deep end. Life lines shall be installed across the pool along the slope-break. Double-level and above-deck pools are prohibited.

(d) Bottom slopes. See figure 1.

(e) Egress/steps and ladders. Steps and/or ladders shall be in such number and located as to provide bathers adequate egress from the pool. They shall be of an easily-cleaned impervious material, with a nonslip finish and shall be self- draining. Steps shall have a maximum riser height of 12 inches and a minimum tread of 12 inches. All steps shall have handrails anchored in the bottom step and extended over the coping and anchored in the deck or a handrail double anchored in the deck that extends out to the center of the bottom step with a maximum six-inches height above normal water level at that point. No less than two egresses shall be provided and an additional step or ladder will be required for each additional 75 feet of pool perimeter over 150 feet. Abrupt breaks in floor level, such as steps, stairs, benches and seats, shall be clearly and permanently marked by a dark continuous or broken line (nonslip tile or nonslip paint) with a width between one and two inches identifying the break. All corners of protrusions into the pool (including seats, benches, etc.) shall have a minimum three-inch radius.

(f) Walk areas and decks. A walk area or deck no less than four feet (ten feet behind diving boards) in width as measured from the inside wall of the pool shall completely surround the pool. Minimum deck area required shall be equal in size to the pool surface area. Decks constructed with wood are prohibited. The walk area or deck shall be unobstructed in all directions and shall be constructed at the same elevation as the outside edge of the coping. Minimum vertical clearance throughout the deck area shall be six feet and eight inches, except the ceilings, which shall be eight feet. Walkways and decks shall accommodate maximum bathing loads, and be impervious and properly drained. They shall have a nonslip, very light-colored and easily-cleanable finish. Rough and abrasive surfaces are not permitted. None shall have a minimum transverse slope less than one-quarter inch per foot away from the pool or toward the deck drains. Decks shall not retain standing water and if deck drains are needed, at least one floor drain for every 200 square feet of surface area shall be provided. A coping block made with a bullnosed, raised projection which extends over the pool edge or over the top of the gutter will be approved if it meets the health department standard (see figure-2). Deck areas at the shallow end of the pool shall be permanently marked "no diving" in very dark letters with minimum two inches in height, each warning spaced evenly around the pool perimeter, no more than ten feet apart. Adjacent areas to the deck and walkways within the pool enclosure shall be safe and well drained. Gravel, pea gravel, stone, epoxy gravel, etc., surfacing materials are prohibited.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-6)

Sec. 34-572. Water quality and sanitation.
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(a) Water source. Water supplied to the pool shall be clean, clear and free of objectionable minerals, and shall meet standards applicable to potable water.

(b) Backflow prevention. An atmospheric break (three inches minimum) or approved backflow prevention must be provided on all potable water lines.

(c) Pool water. A sufficient number of samples may be taken to affirm via bacteriological analysis that the pool water meets the requirements in this article. Samples shall be taken while the pool is in use, preferably during the peak bathing load. Additional samples may be required on large pools having high bathing loads. To comply with this article, 15 percent of the samples shall neither contain more than 200 bacteria per milliliter, as determined by the standard (35 degrees Celsius) agar plate count nor show positive test (confirmed test) for coliform organisms in any of the five ten-milliliter portions of sample, or when the millipore test procedure is used more than 1.0 coliform organism per 50 mi. All samples shall be collected, dechlorinated, and examined in accordance with the procedures outlined in the latest edition of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (APHA).

1. Chemical quality. The pool shall be maintained in an alkaline condition at all times, i.e., pH between 7.0 and 8.0. Chlorine disinfection shall be provided on all pools except when other approved disinfection methods are utilized. The free chlorine residual in all parts of the pool shall be maintained at a concentration of no less than one-half part per million at all times. Where stabilizing agents are used, a free chlorine residual shall be maintained at a concentration of no less than two parts per million at all times. A test kit to measure the free chlorine residual shall be provided and used. When bromine is utilized, the residual in all parts of the pool shall be maintained at a concentration of no less than three parts per million at all times. A test kit to measure the bromine residua: shall be provided and used.

2. No stabilizing chemicals shall be utilized in any indoor pools. When cyanuric acid is used as a stabilizing agent, the maximum concentration shall not exceed 100 ppm. At pools using cyanurates, a test kit to measure the cyanurate concentration shall be provided and used. The cyanurate test set shall permit readings slightly in excess of the maximum permissible concentration.

3. Only chemicals which have been proven nontoxic by the Environmental Protection Agency shall be used.

4. Cleanliness. Pools shall be kept free from sediment and dirt by frequent brushing and vacuuming of bottom and side walls. Visible scum shall be removed immediately. Pools shall be emptied and scrubbed or recoated when necessary.

5. Clarity. At all times when the pool is in use, the water shall be of such clarity that the main drains on the bottom of the pool at the deepest point are clearly visible from the deck level nearest the main drains. The viewer shall be able to clearly distinguish the type, shape and number of grate openings.

(d) Periodic inspections. Periodic inspections shall be made by the health department to ensure that good operating practice is employed and that standards are maintained in compliance with this article.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-7)

Sec. 34-573. Recirculation system.
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A separate recirculation system is required for each and every pool and shall consist of pumps, piping, filters, water conditioning and disinfection equipment and other accessory equipment which will clarify, condition and disinfect the water in accordance with this article. The equipment shall be operated continuously on a 24-hour basis to obtain the minimum required number of four turnovers (equivalent to the volume of water the pool will hold) per day (one turnover every six hours). The flow-through rate of the skimmers, based on the manufacturer's minimum recommendations, shall be used to determine the turnover rate if it exceeds the minimum requirements. Twenty percent of the recirculation flow shall be through the main drain and 80 percent shall be through the overflow gutters or skimmers. All piping shall be designed to accommodate 100 percent of design flow rate in pools where floor inlets and skimmers are utilized and those pools should be operated with the main drain line closed and the skimmer lines balanced and opened completely. For pressure filter systems utilizing over-the-gutter recirculation, an approved surge device shall be provided.

1. Pumps. Pumps shall be adequate in number and capacity to provide the required pool turnover rate and shall be located to eliminate priming. If the pump or suction piping is located above the pool overflow level, the pump shall be self-priming. Pumps shall supply the recirculation and backwash flows at a dynamic head sufficient to overcome friction losses in the piping, appurtenances and maximum filter headloss. Pump performance curves shall be submitted with the plans.

2. Filters. Filters shall be sized to handle the required recirculation flow. Pressure filter tanks and integral parts shall be constructed of material capable of withstanding continuous anticipated usage and a pressure four times the maximum operating pressure of the filter.

3. Inlets. Adjustable inlets installed flush with wall or floor shall be located in conjunction with the proposed method of recirculation so as to provide effective, uniform circulation of the incoming water throughout the pool and to prevent "dead" spots. The number of inlets shall be calculated' based on one inlet per 15 feet of pool perimeter. Inlets shall be evenly spaced either along the pool perimeter or on the pool floor. No inlet shall be less than 30 inches below normal water level.

4. Main drain openings. All pools shall be provided with two or more main drain openings at the deepest point and constructed to completely drain the pool. Main drain openings must be covered by an acceptable grating, not removable by bathers. The open area of the drain cover (total area minus area of grate bars) shall be at least four times the cross-sectional area of the drain pipe and sufficient flow area shall be provided so that the full flow velocity at any part of the grate will not exceed 11/2 feet per second. Openings between grate bars shall not exceed one-half inch. Main drain openings shall be constructed in parallel and spaced evenly across the deep end. Pools shall be provided with a hydrostatic relief valve with a minimum size of two inches. A minimum of two hydrostatic relief valves are required on pools with surface areas in excess of 1,800 square feet.

5. Hair and lint strainer. A strainer shall be provided on the suction side of the recirculation pump if the pump draws directly from the pool. Secondary pumps on vacuum-filter systems shall be protected by a strainer sized to adequately protect the pump.

6. Vacuum cleaning system. A vacuum system shall be provided for pool cleaning and fittings shall be located so as to allow cleaning the pool with no more than a 50-foot hose. A vacuum fitting cover shall be provided.

7. Flow meters. An adequately sized flow meter shall be installed on the pool return line to accurately indicate the recirculation rate.

8. Heaters. Pools equipped with heaters shall have a fixed thermometer in the recirculation line. Heaters shall have the capability to keep pool water between 70 degrees and 105 degrees Fahrenheit during all normal use periods. Water temperature shall be thermostatically controlled. Adequate valves and piping shall be provided to enable bypassing the heater. Heaters shall be plumbed and valved to facilitate complete removal for repairs without interruption of pool recirculation.

9. Backwash waste line. The backwash waste line shall be no smaller ,than the size of the pipe exiting the filter for the entire length of thebackwash line.

10. Equipment installation. All equipment shall be installed to facilitate servicing with minimum effort.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-8)

Sec. 34-574. Piping and hydraulics.
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The piping system shall consist of nontoxic materials and be able to withstand a minimum pressure of 50 psi. Piping configuration shall be designed to minimize friction losses. All pipe and manufacturers must be listed in the current Seal of Approval Listing .. of Plastic Materials, Pipe Fittings and Appurtenances for Potable Water Supplies, National Sanitation Foundation. Pipe installation shall comply with the local plumbing code and this article. No flexible piping is allowed.

1. Maximum velocity. Velocity shall not exceed ten feet per second in pressure piping nor five feet per second on vacuum lines.

2. Main drain line. The size of the main drain line of pressure filters shall be based on full flow conditions. Headloss shall include friction losses of the pipe, fittings and the hair and lint strainer. Negative elevation head shall be included in the losses, but positive elevation head shall not be included. The main drain line shall be designed and constructed to accommodate 100 percent of the design flow rate.

3. Skimmer lines. The skimmer lines shall be designed and constructed to accommodate 100 percent of the design flow rate.

4. Waste lines. Pool waste water shall be discharged to sanitary sewers except where discharge to storm sewers, settling or separation tanks (for diatomaceous earth removal) or dry wells is specifically authorized. Sewer lines shall be one standard size larger than main drain lines. There shall be no direct connection between any pool piping and the sanitary sewer system. Discharge points shall be shown on plans. When backwash absorption pits are utilized, they shall be sized in accordance with health department requirements. Volume of a pit shall be sized in cubic feet and shall be calculated as follows: Volume of pit (cubic feet) = [backwash rate (gpm) X 5 minutes X 2] /7.5 gallons per cubic foot.

5. Piping details. Plans must include complete details of all piping, including pertinent elevations. Plastic pipe shall be supported in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations.

6. Hydraulic calculations. Hydraulic calculations shall be performed in the manner required on forms provided by the health department and shall be submitted with all plans.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-9)

Sec. 34-575. Pressure sand filter.
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(a) Capacity. Pressure sand filter capacity (size) shall be based on a maximum filtration rate between 14 and 16 gallons per square foot of filter area per minute.

(b) Filter media. Media shall consist of at least a 24-inch depth of screened, sharp filter sand, or crushed quartz having an effective size of 0.4 mm to 0.5 mm and a uniformity coefficient of 1.5 to 2.0.

(c) Backwash. Facilities shall be provided to backwash filters at a rate of not less - than 15 gallons per minute per square foot of filter area.

(d) Freeboard. A minimum of 12 inches of freeboard shall be provided between the surface of filter media and the overflow troughs (or pipes) of filters to allow adequate expansion of the media during the backwash cycle. ..

(e) Underdrain. The filter underdrain system shall be of corrosion resistant, durable material, designed and constructed to adequately collect water during filtration and to evenly distribute water during backwashing.

(f) Pump. The pump shall be designed to maintain required recirculation flow against the total dynamic head of the system as calculated. Existing pools with an unknown total dynamic head shall be considered to have a minimum of 60 feet of head.

(g) Appurtenances. Each filter tank shall have an access port for inspection and servicing. Each filter shall have both influent and effluent pressure gauges (minimum face size two inches) and a manual air relief valve. The filter system shall have an in-line backwash sight glass.

(h) Piping and valves. The filtering system shall be designed with all valves and piping required to permit filtering to pool, filtering to waste, filter bypass to waste and complete drainage of the system. The piping layout shall accommodate proper maintenance, operation and inspection.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-10)

Sec. 34-576. Diatomaceous earth filter.
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Diatomaceous earth filter capacity (size) shall be based on a maximum filtration rate of one gallon per square foot of filter area per minute.

1. Backwashing. Pressure filters shall be backwashed by reverse flow, which may be assisted by agitation and spray wash. A quick-opening valve is also required on the filter discharge line. Pressure filter tanks shall be completely drained by gravity.

2. Filter tank and septa. The filter and all component parts shall be of such material, design and construction to withstand normal continuous use without significant deformation, deterioration, corrosion or wear which would adversely affect filter operation. The filter area shall be determined on the basis of effective filtering surfaces, with no allowance given for areas of impaired filtration, such as broad supports, folds or portions which may bridge the filter elements. Where dissimilar metals are used, provision shall be made to avoid electrolytic corrosion by galvanic action.

3. Pump. The pump shall be designed to maintain required recirculation flow against the total dynamic head of the system as calculated. Existing pools with an unknown total dynamic head shall be considered to have a minimum of 50 feet of head on vacuum systems and 90 feet of head-on pressure systems.

4. Appurtenances. Pressure filters shall be equipped with an air-relief valve, influent and effluent pressure gauges (minimum face size two inches) and a sight glass on the backwash line. A vacuum gauge (minimum face size two inches) shall be provided on the pump suction line for vacuum filter systems.

5. Piping and valves. The filtering system shall be designed with all valves .. and piping to permit filtering to pool, precoat recirculation and/or precoat to waste, complete drainage of the system to bypass filter to waste, backwashing to waste. The piping layout shall accommodate proper maintenance, operation and inspection. If precoat recirculation is used in a pressure system an in-line sight glass shall be provided.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-11)

Sec. 34-577. Cartridge filter.
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Cartridge filter capacity (size) shall be based on a maximum filtration rate of 0.375-gallon per square foot of filter area per minute.

1. Pump. The pump shall be designed to maintain the required recirculation flow against the total dynamic head of the system as calculated. Existing pools with an unknown total dynamic head shall be considered to have a minimum of 50 feet of head.

2. Appurtenances. Each filter shall be equipped with an air relief valve and influent and effluent pressure gauges (minimum face size two inches).

3. Piping and valves. The filtering system shall be designed with valves and piping to permit filtering to pool, bypass filter to waste. Complete drainage of the system and the piping layout shall accommodate proper maintenance, operation and inspection.

4. Cartridges. Two sets of cartridges shall be provided so that one set may be cleaned while the filter is in operation. Disposable cartridges will be replaced when the required filtration
   rate is impaired.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-12)

Sec. 34-578. Skimmers and overflow gutters.
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(a) One skimmer shall be provided for each 500 square feet of water surface area (100 square feet of water surface area for whirlpools), or fraction thereof, for pools having up to 1,999 square feet of water surface area. Pools with 2,000 up to 5,000 square feet of water surface area shall have one additional skimmer for each 250 square feet of water surface area or fraction thereof in excess of 2,000 square feet of water surface area. Pools exceeding 5,000 square feet of water surface area shall be required to have an overflow gutter system. See table I below for examples:

TABLE I

POOL SURFACE AREA VS. NUMBER OF SKIMMERS

(b) Skimmers shall be evenly spaced along the pool perimeter and located too prevent "dead spots" in circulation.

(c) Each skimmer shall be built into the pool wall and shall have a minimum weir length of seven inches.

(d) Each skimmer shall be designed for a flow-through rate of at least 25 gallons per minute. Additional skimmers shall be provided when the design flow-through rate, based on the turnover rate of the pool, exceeds the manufacturer's recommendations. If manufacturer's recommended maximum flow through the skimmers is not available, then a maximum 55 gallons per minute per skimmer shall be utilized.

(e) Each skimmer shall be automatically adjustable to variations in water level over a range of at least three inches.

(f) Each skimmer shall be provided with a device to prevent air lock in the recirculation system suction line. Equalizer lines shall be:

1. Not less than 11/2-inch diameter;

2. Installed at least one foot below the weir level;

3. Provided with an equalizer float valve;

4. Provided with a check valve; and

5. Provided with a grated opening at the pool wall.

(g) Each skimmer shall be adjustable for balancing recirculation.

(h) A noncorrosive screen shall be provided to trap large solids. It shall be installed to allow ready removal and cleaning from an opening in the deck.

(i) Overflow gutters. Overflow gutters shall be constructed of sufficient size to retain normal overflow and the lip of the gutter shall be uniformly level. The gutter invert shall slope uniformly one-half inch per foot to each drain. Where slopes in the gutter drains are less than one-half inch per foot, sufficient gutter wash fittings shall be provided to maintain a continuous flow in the gutter. Spacing between drains shall not exceed ten feet. Minimum drain size shall be two inches in diameter with a minimum three-square-inch open grate area. Recessed gutters shall not be less than four inches deep and four inches wide, and no part thereof shall be visible from a position directly above the gutter unless approved by the health department. Open gutters shall not be less than six inches deep and 12 inches wide, and the invert of the gutter shall slope uniformly one to two inches to the drains. Gutter drain lines shall carry the pool overflow to the recirculation system.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-13, table I)

Sec. 34-579. Disinfection and chemical feeders.
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(a) Gas chlorination. Where gas is used, the chlorinator shall be housed in an enclosure located above grade. The enclosure must be ventilated with outside air by a chlorine-resistant exhaust fan located approximately four inches above floor level and equipped with automatic louvers (to achieve cross-flow air ventilation) and capable of providing two air changes per minute and exhaust air directed away from swimmers and pool area (fan and louver location may be reversed if approved by the health department). Exhaust fans shall be wired to operate continuously. All chlorine tanks shall be secured by chains or other approved devices. Platform scales or other means of gauging available supply must be provided or a full reserve tank of chlorine gas shall be kept onsite at all times. The enclosure's light switch shall be located outside the enclosure
entrance. The enclosure door shall have a minimum observation opening (two inches by six inches to two inches by ten inches) to enable inspection of the interior without entry. An approved gas mask, with a current filter, shall be available onsite at all times; shall be located near the chlorine room but shall not be stored therein. Enclosures with at least two side walls open (chainlink, etc.) for natural ventilation need not have additional ventilation. A warning sign shall be posted on all entrances to chlorine room.

(b) Positive-displacement hypochlorinators. Positive-displacement feeders used for hypochlorination shall be of sturdy construction, and shall be able to withstand wear, corrosion and deterioration by disinfectant solutions, capable of continuous feeding of required solution on a 24-hour basis. The feed rate shall be adjustable from zero to full range. The feeder shall be capable of feeding at a pressure greater than the system pressure, a chlorine dosage of 12 parts per million to the recirculation flow, from solutions not exceeding five percent. Failsafe features shall be incorporated to prevent the disinfectant solution from siphoning or feeding directly into the pool, pool piping or pool enclosure if recirculation equipment fails.

(c) Chemical feeders. Feeders shall be provided to add chemical solutions for pH adjustment. The feeders shall meet the requirements of subsection (b) of this section. A single feeder may not be alternately used for chlorination and pH control.

(d) Erosion feeders. Only those erosion feeders specifically approved by the health department may be used for pool disinfection. They shall be utilized in conjunction with positive-displacement hypochlorinators for superchlorination and chemical feeders for pH control meeting the requirements of subsections (b) and (c) of this section. Erosion feeders shall be capable of feeding a chlorine dosage, of three parts per' million to the recirculation flow.

(e) Bromine feeders. Only those bromine feeders specifically approved by the health department may be used for pool disinfection. They shall be utilized in conjunction with positive-displacement hypochlorinators for superchlorination and chemical feeders for pH control meeting the requirements of subsections (b) and (c) of this section. Bromine feeders shall be capable of feeding a minimum bromine dosage of three parts per million to the recirculation flow.

(f) Other methods. No other method of disinfection may be used unless the method is specifically approved by the health department following demonstration of all aspects of the disinfection and toxicological properties thereof. No disinfectant or pH control chemical may be added by hand whether to skimmers or directly to the pool.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-14)

Sec. 34-580. Equipment room.
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(a) Enclosure. Pumps, disinfection equipment, filters, appurtenances and other electrical equipment shall be located in a permanent, enclosed equipment room, secured from unauthorized entrance and protected from freezing. Some equipment may be approved for outdoor installation if constructed with weatherproof materials.

(b) Ventilation and drainage. Adequate fresh air cross-draft ventilation is required for equipment rooms located above grade. A minimum open area calculated as five percent of the total wall area shall be provided. Stairway access, suitable drainage (sump pump if necessary) and ventilation of fresh make-up air with an exhaust fan (or forced air fan) capable of one air change every three minutes must be provided for equipment rooms located below grade.

(c) Equipment clearance. Filter tanks shall be at least eight inches apart and 12 inches from walls and 18 inches from the ceiling. Clearance between vacuum filters shall be sufficient to allow normal maintenance operations. Space around equipment must permit unobstructed ready access. Equipment and storage rooms must be clean, neat, safe and well lighted.

(d) Size. Filter room size shall be determined in accordance with subsections (c) of this section and shall include additional working space adequate to perform routine maintenance and service operations. Unobstructed space shall also be provided for storage of chemicals and auxiliary equipment. Ceiling height shall be no less than seven feet measured from the floor.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-15)

Sec. 34-581. Diving areas.
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(a) Dimensions (width, depth and length) of the diving area shall be in accordance with anticipated use by divers), as per figure 1.

(b) Clearance. Diving boards or platforms must be installed no less than ten feet apart (edge to edge) and no less than ten feet from any side wall. This distance may be reduced to eight feet apart for boards set two feet or less above the' water. At least 15 feet of free, unobstructed clearance shall be provided above diving boards and platforms.

(c) Finish. Diving boards and platforms shall have a light-colored nonslip finish.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-16)

Sec. 34-582. Lighting.
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(a) Artificial lighting shall be provided for all indoor pools and any outdoor pools to be used at night. Lighting shall be adequate to illuminate the entire swimming pool enclosure without glare. Electrical wiring, fixtures and installation shall conform with the National Underwriters' Laboratory and National Electrical Code, and installation shall comply with the local building code requirements. Ground- fault interrupters must be provided.

(b) Lighting in dressing rooms, sanitary facilities and equipment rooms and concessions shall comply with the local code requirements. Pool and deck areas shall be lighted in accordance with the following minimum standards:

1. Underwater lighting: 12 lamp lumens per square foot of pool surface.

2. Deck and pool lighting: a minimum of ten footcandles shall be maintained in service on all deck areas where underwater lighting is utilized. A minimum of 20 footcandles shall be maintained in service on all deck and pool areas where underwater lighting is not utilized.

(c) No switches, starters, panel boards nor similar electrical equipment shall be located in areas readily accessible to bathers.

(d) Overhead wiring. No overhead wiring shall pass over nor within 20 feet (horizontal distance) of the pool enclosure. No electrical outlets shall be located within ten feet of the pool edge.

(e) Outdoor pools not used for night swimming or recreation must be provided with a minimum underwater lighting of 12 lamp lumens per square foot of pool surface and deck lighting with a minimum of five footcandles maintained in service on all deck areas.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-17)

Sec. 34-583. Bathing loads.
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(a) Bathing load. Pool usage shall not exceed the maximum bathing load, i.e., the number of persons that will be allowed in the pool enclosure at one time. Bathing load shall be calculated on the basis of one person for each ten square feet in that portion of pool surface where the depth is less than five feet, plus one person for each 30 square feet of pool surface in that portion with depth exceeding five feet. The maximum bathing load of a pool shall be conspicuously posted in the pool enclosure. Note: New construction of pools shall be based on maximum bathing load in table II.

(b) Use restrictions. The health department may set use restrictions on any pool and may require the owner/operator to post notices in public view. Failure to comply.. with use restrictions is a violation of this article.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-18)

Sec. 34-584. Sanitary facilities.
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Adequate sanitary facilities, i.e., toilets, urinals, lavatories, showers, etc., enclosed in a bathhouse are required at all pools. In determining the number of units required, the bathing load composition shall be considered as three-fifths men and two- fifths women.

(1) Individual sanitary facilities. If individual private sanitary facilities for all bathers are located within 300 feet of the pool, no additional sanitary facilities will be required. A shower meeting plumbing code requirements shall be provided in the pool area if no bathhouse is required. A water fountain is required at all pools.

(2) Facility size requirements exception. Facilities shall be in proportion to the maximum bathing load (see table II) based on the number of dwelling/living units outside a 300-foot radius measured horizontally from the pool edge. Separate facilities shall be provided for men and women.

1. Toilets. One toilet shall be provided for each bather increment of 60 men or 40 women.

2. Urinals. One urinal shall be provided for each 60 men.*

3. Lavatories. One lavatory shall be provided for each 60 men or women.*

4. Showers. One shower shall be provided for each 40 men or women.* Soap shall be available and showers shall be an integral part of the bathhouse and located for bather use prior to entering the pool area.

5. Placement. The bathhouse pool configuration shall be such that bathers must pass toilets and showers en route to the pool.

6. Floors. Floors shall be smooth, impervious, very light-colored, nonslip, shall have a slope of one-quarter inch per foot to drains and shall be coved at the wall junction. Hose bibbs with backflow preventers shall be provided for cleaning.

7. Walls. Partition walls shall terminate at least six inches above the floor or shall be placed on a continuous raised masonry or concrete base at least four inches high.

8. Water fountains. A sanitary drinking fountain shall be conveniently accessible to all bathers.

9. Vending equipment. No food shall be permitted within the pool enclosure.

*Bather increments equaling or exceeding one-half the base number will be considered full increment, i.e., for subsection b, 90 men equals two
increments, therefore two urinals are required.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-19)

Sec. 34-585. Safety.
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An effective fence or barrier, with no openings greater than four inches at least five feet high measured from the exterior finished grade at the barrier six feet out, guiding pool entry at shallow end, shall be provided so as to prevent unauthorized entry to the pool. Self-closing gates shall be provided. A qualified attendant should be on duty at or near the poolside at all times when a pool is open to use by bathers and shall be available during all department pool inspections. The attendant shall be in full charge of all pool use and shall have authority to enforce all rules of safety and sanitation. Attendants should be trained in pool operation and first aid. Emergency procedures for handling spinal cord injuries must be posted in the deck area. Additional personnel should be provided as needed to supervise other pool facilities and bather compliance with pool entry conditions. Bathers with skin diseases, open lesions, etc., shall be excluded from the pool. All bathers should be required to shower before entering the pool. When the pool is not available for use, access shall be prohibited by closure of all entry points. Pool covers will not meet this requirement.

1. Lifesaving apparatus. All pools shall be provided with a shepherd's hook and a minimum 20-inch outside diameter lifesaving ring with sufficient rope to reach all parts of the pool. Multiple units are required for pools longer than 50 feet. Lifesaving apparatus shall be mounted in a conspicuous place, readily available for use.

2. Attendant's station. Pools with a surface area in excess of 2,000 square feet shall be provided with elevated lifeguard-type platforms or chairs. One chair/station shall be required for each 2,000 square feet of pool surface or major fraction thereof greater than one-half. The chairs shall be located to provide attendants a clear, unobstructed view of the entire pool, including the pool bottom at the deepest point.

3. Telephone. A telephone shall be readily available at all times the pool is open. Directions to the telephone location must be conspicuously posted.

4. Emergency phone numbers. A list of local emergency phone numbers, including police, fire, ambulance, pool operator or manager and health department shall be posted near the telephone.

5. First aid kit. Each pool shall be equipped with a readily available first aid kit.

6. Safety. No glass, metal or hard plastic containers, sharp objects or hazardous materials shall be allowed in the bathhouse or pool area.

7. Rules and regulations. Easily readable and simply-stated rules and regulations for bathers shall be posted conspicuously.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-20)

Sec. 34-586. Wading pools.
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For wading pools, all elements of this article apply except sections 34-571, 34- ..' 573, 34-587, 34-588, 34-589, 34-590 and 34-591.

(1) Construction.

1. Finish and materials. Pools shall be constructed of inert, impervious, enduring, nontoxic materials which will provide a nonslip and easily cleanable surface. The surface shall have no cracks or open joints and shall be finished in a light color and interior corners shall be coved. Rough and abrasive surfaces are not permitted. The surface below normal water level shall be finished in a very light color. Vinyl liners are prohibited.

2. Depth. No pool shall be no more than 18 inches in depth.

3. Slope. The bottom slope shall not be less than one foot in 12 feet nor more than one foot in six feet. Abrupt breaks in floor level, such as steps, stairs, benches and seats, shall be clearly and permanently marked by a dark, continuous or broken line (nonslip tile or nonslip paint) with a width between one and two inches identifying the break. All corners of protrusions into the pool, including seats, benches, etc., shall have a minimum three-inch radius.

4. Walk areas and decks. A walk area or deck no less than four feet in width as measured from the inside wall of the pool shall completely surround the pool. Decks constructed with wood are prohibited. The walk area or deck shall be unobstructed in all directions and shall be constructed at the same elevation as the outside edge of the coping. Minimum vertical clearance throughout the deck area shall be six feet and eight inches, except the ceilings which shall be eight feet. Walkways and decks shall accommodate maximum bathing loads, and be impervious and properly drained. They shall have a nonslip, very light-colored and easily-cleanable finish. Rough and abrasive surfaces are not permitted. None shall have a minimum transverse slope less than one-quarter inch per foot away from the pool or toward the deck drains. Decks shall not retain standing water and if deck drains are needed, at least one floor drain for every 200 square feet of surface area shall be provided. A coping block made with a bullnosed, raised projection which extends over the pool edge or over the top of the gutter will be approved if it meets the health department standard (see figure 2). Adjacent areas to the deck and walkways within the pool enclosure shall be safe and well- drained. Gravel, pea gravel, stone, epoxy gravel, etc., surfacing materials are prohibited.

(2) Recirculation system.

1. A separate recirculation system is required for each and every pool and shall consist of pumps, piping, filters, water conditioning and disinfection equipment and other accessory equipment which will clarify, condition and disinfect the water in accordance with this article. The equipment shall be operated continuously on a .. 24-hour basis to obtain the minimum required number of 12 turnovers (equivalent to the volume of water the pool will hold) per day (one turnover every two hours). The flow-through rate of skimmers, based on the manufacturer's minimum recommendations, shall be used to determine the turnover rate if it exceeds the minimum requirements. Twenty percent of the recirculation flow shall be through the main drain and 80 percent shall be through the overflow gutters or skimmers. All piping shall be designed to accommodate 100 percent of design flow rate in pools where floor inlets and skimmers are utilized and those pools should be operated with the main drain line closed and the skimmer lines balanced and opened completely.

2. Pump. Pumps shall be adequate in number and capacity to provide the required pool turnover rate and shall be located to eliminate priming. If the pump or suction piping is located above the pool overflow level, the pump shall be self-priming. Pumps shall supply the recirculation and backwash flows at a dynamic head sufficient to overcome friction losses in the piping, appurtenances and maximum filter headloss. Pump performance curves shall be submitted with the plans.

3. Filters. Filters shall be sized to handle the required recirculation flow. Pressure filter tanks and integral parts shall be constructed of material capable of withstanding continuous anticipated usage and a pressure four times the maximum operating pressure of the filter.

4. Inlets. A minimum of two adjustable inlets flush with the wall or floor shall be provided. Adjustable inlets installed flush with the wall or floor shall be located in conjunction with the proposed method of recirculation so as to provide effective uniform circulation of the incoming water throughout the pool and to prevent "dead" spots. The number of inlets shall be calculated based on one inlet per ten feet of pool perimeter. Inlets shall be evenly spaced either along the pool perimeter or on the pool floor. Wall inlets shall be placed as close to the pool floor as possible.

5. Main drain openings. All pools shall be provided with two or more main drain openings at the deepest point and constructed to completely drain the pool. Main drain openings must be covered by an acceptable grating, not removable by bathers. The open area of the drain cover (total area minus area of grate bars) shall be at least four times the cross-sectional area of the drain pipe and sufficient flow area shall be provided so that the full-flow velocity at any part of the grate will not exceed 11/2 feet per second. Openings between grate bars shall not exceed one-half inch. Main drain openings shall be constructed in parallel and spaced evenly across the deep end. Pools shall be provide with a hydrostatic relief valve with a minimum size of two Inches.

6. Hair and lint strainer. A strainer shall be provided on the suction side of the recirculation pump if the pump draws directly from the pool. Secondary pumps on vacuum-filter systems shall be protected by a strainer sized adequately to protect the pump.

7. Flow meters. An adequately sized flow meter shall be installed on the pool return line to accurately indicate the recirculation rate.

8. Heaters. Pools equipped with heaters shall have a fixture thermometer in the recirculation line. Heaters shall have the capability to keep pool water between 70 degrees and 105 degrees Fahrenheit during all normal use periods. Water temperature shall be thermostatically controlled. Adequate valves and piping shall be provided to enable bypassing the heaters. Heaters shall be plumbed and valved to facilitate complete removal for repairs without interruption of pool recirculation.

9. Backwash waste line. The backwash waste line shall be no smaller than the size of the pipe exiting the filter for the entire length of the backwash line.

10. Equipment installation. All equipment shall be installed to facilities servicing with minimum effort.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-21)

Sec. 34-587. Spray pools.
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Spray pools with no standing water are the preferred type of facilities for use by children. A potable water supply shall be used with no cross connections. All applicable sections of this article shall apply to spray pools.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-22)

Sec. 34-588. Whirlpools, spas and hot tubs.
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(a) Applications. All elements of this article apply to whirlpools, spas and hot tubs except sections 34-571, 34-573, 34-587, 34-589, 34-590 and 34-591.

(b) Construction.

1. Finish and materials. Pools shall be constructed of inert, impervious, enduring, nontoxic materials which will provide a nonslip and easily-cleanable surface. The surface shall have no cracks or open joints and shall be finished in a light color and interior corners shall be coved. Rough and abrasive surfaces are not permitted. The surface below normal water level shall be finished in a very light color. Vinyl liners are prohibited.

2. Depths. Water depth shall be no more than four feet nor less than 18 inches in any portion of the pool. No seat or bench shall be more than two feet below waterline. Permanent easily-readable depth markings (minimum four-inch numbers) indicated in feet .." (i.e., three feet) and visible from both inside and outside the pool shall be provided. Double-level and above deck-pools are prohibited.

3. Slopes. Slope shall not exceed one foot in 12 feet.

4. Egress/steps and ladders. Steps and/or ladders shall be in such number and located as to provide bathers adequate egress from !be pool. They shall be of an easily-cleaned impervious material, with a nonslip finish and shall be self-draining. Steps shall have a maximum riser height of 12 inches and a minimum tread of 12 inches. All steps shall have handrails anchored in the bottom step and extended over the coping and anchored in the deck, or a handrail double anchored in the deck that extends out to the center of the bottom step with a maximum six-inch height above normal water level at that point. Abrupt breaks in floor level, such as steps, stairs, benches and seats shall be clearly and permanently marked by a dark, continuous or broken line (nonslip tile or nonslip paint) with a width between one and two inches identifying the break. All corners of protrusions into the pool (including seats, benches, etc.) shall have a minimum three-inch radius.

5. Walk areas and decks. A walk area or deck no less than four feet in width as measured from the inside wall of the pool shall surround the pool on at least one-half of the perimeter. Decks constructed with wood are prohibited. The walk area or deck shall be unobstructed in all directions and shall be constructed at the same elevation as the outside edge of the coping. Minimum vertical clearance throughout the deck area shall be six feet, eight inches, except the ceilings which shall be eight feet. Walkways and decks shall accommodate maximum bathing loads and be impervious and properly drained. They shall have a nonslip, very light-colored and easily-cleanable finish. Rough and abrasive surfaces are not permitted. None shall have a minimum transverse slope less than one-quarter inch per foot away from the pool or toward the deck drains. Decks shall not retain standing water and if deck drains are needed, at least one floor drain for every 200 square feet of surface area shall be provided. A coping block made with a bullnosed, raised projection which extends over the pool edge or over the top of the gutter will be approved if it meets the health department standards (see figure 1). Adjacent areas to the deck and walkways within the pool enclosure shall be safe and well-drained.

(c) Recirculation system.

1. Generally. A separate recirculation system is required for each and every pool and shall consist of pumps, piping, filters, water conditioning and disinfection equipment and other accessory equipment which will clarify, condition and disinfect the water in accordance with this article. The equipment shall be operated continuously on a 24-hour basis to obtain - the minimum required number of 48 turnovers per day (one turnover every 30 minutes). The flow-through rate of the skimmer based on the manufacturer's minimum recommendations shall be used to determine the turnover rate if it exceeds the minin:lum requirements. Twenty percent of the recirculation flow shall be through the main drain and 80 percent shall be through the overflow gutters or skimmers. For pressure filter systems utilizing over-the-gutter recirculation, a balance surge device shall be provided. All piping shall be designed to accommodate 100 percent of design flow rate in pools where floor inlets and skimmers are utilized, and those pools should be operated with the main drain line closed and the skimmer lines balanced and opened completely.

2. Pumps. Pumps shall be adequate in number and capacity to provide the required pool turnover rate and shall be located to eliminate priming. If the pump or suction piping is located above the pool overflow level, the pump shall be self-priming. Pumps shall supply the recirculation and backwash flows at a dynamic head sufficient to overcome friction losses in the piping, appurtenances and maximum filter headloss. Pump performance curves shall be submitted with the plans.

3. Filters. Filters shall be sized to handle the required recirculation flow. Pressure filter tanks and integral parts shall be constructed of material capable of withstanding continuous anticipated usage and a pressure four times the maximum operating pressure of the filter.

4. Inlets. Adjustable inlets installed flush with wall or floor shall be located in conjunction with the proposed methods of recirculation so as to provide effective, uniform circulation of the incoming water throughout the pool and to prevent "dead" spots. Inlets shall be evenly spaced a maximum of ten feet apart along the floor or pool perimeter and located as close to the floor as possible or in the floor. No inlet shall be less than 18 inches below normal water level.

5. Main drain openings. All pools shall be provided with two or more main drain openings at the deepest point and constructed to completely drain the pool. Main drain openings must be covered by an acceptable grating not removable by bathers. The open area of the drain cover (total area minus area of grate bars) shall be at least four times the cross-sectional area of the drain pipe and sufficient flow area shall be provided so that the full-flow velocity at any part of the grate will not exceed 11/2 feet per second. Openings between grate bars shall not exceed one-half inch. Main drain openings shall be constructed in parallel and spaced evenly across deep end. Pools shall be provided with
   a hydrostatic relief valve with a minimum size of two inches.

6. Hair and lint strainer. A strainer shall be provided on the suction side of the recirculation pump if the pump draws directly from the pool. Secondary pumps on vacuum-filter systems shall be protected by a strainer sized adequately to protect the pump.

7. Flow meters. An adequately sized flow meter shall be installed on the pool return line to adequately indicate the recirculation rate.

8. Heaters. Pools equipped with heaters shall have a fixed thermometer in ' the recirculation line. Adequate valves and piping shall be provided to enable bypassing the heater. Heaters shall have the capability to keep pool water between 70 degrees and 105 degrees Fahrenheit during all normal use periods. Heaters shall be plumbed and valved to facilitate complete removal for repairs without interruption of pool recirculation. Water temperature shall be thermostatically controlled.

9. Backwash waste line. The backwash waste line shall be no smaller than the pipe exiting the filter for the entire length of the backwash line.

10. Servicing. All equipment shall be installed to facilitate servicing with minimum effort.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-23)

Sec. 34-589. Waterslides.
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(a) Application., All elements of this article apply to waterslides except sections 34- 571, 34-573, 34-583, 34-586, 34-587, 34-588, 34-590 and 34-591.

(b) Construction.

1. Finish and materials. Pools shall be constructed of inert, impervious, enduring, nontoxic materials which will provide a nonslip and easily cleanable surface. The surface shall have no cracks or open joints and interior corners shall be coved. The surface below normal water level shall be finished in a very light color. Rough and abrasive surfaces are not permitted. Vinyl liners are prohibited.

2. Materials selection and finishing. The selection of all materials for components and accessories should be such that all parts with external surfaces and edges that may come in contact with the user are assembled, arranged and/or finished (deburred, polished, etc.) so that they will not constitute a cutting, pinching, puncturing or abrasion hazard under casual contact and intended use.

3. Construction. Design and materials used should be in accordance with proper structural engineering practices providing a sound, durable structure which will safely sustain all dead and live loads, liquid, hydrostatic and earth pressures involved in each case, throughout the expected life of the structure. The structures shall be watertight and all surfaces shall be inert, nontoxic, smooth and easily cleaned. Covered flumes are not allowed.

4. Curves and turns. All curves and turns throughout the flume shall be designed in such a manner so that user impact with the walls does not present a hazard and these portions shall be banked so that users are retained safely inside the flume under all foreseeable circumstances of operation.

5. Flume clearances. The difference between the side of a flume exit and a pool side wall shall be at least five feet. The distance between sides of adjacent flume exits shall be at least six feet. The distance between flume .. exits and the opposite side of the pool excluding steps, shall be at least 20 feet.

6. High-speed slides. Special provisions shall be made in both flume exit design, pool depth and pool width measured from flume exit to safely accommodate high-speed slides.

7. Flume terminus elevation. Flumes shall terminate at a depth of at least six inches below the water surface level.

8. Depths. The operating water depth of the pool at the end of a flume shall be three feet. This depth shall be maintained in front of the flume for a distance of at least 20 feet, from which point the pool floor may have a constant slope upward to the minimum water depth. These slopes shall be no more than one foot in seven feet.

9. Decks. Decks along the exit side of the splash pool shall be at least ten feet wide, have slip-resistant, very light-colored, impervious surfaces and be sloped one-quarter inch per foot minimum away from the pool to drainage or to deck drains. Decks shall not retain standing water and if deck drains are used, at least one floor drain for every 200 square feet of surface shall be provided. Minimum vertical clearance throughout the deck area shall be six feet eight inches, except the ceilings which shall be eight feet. Any decks at the entrance to the top of the flume shall be drained as above. Decks along the side opposite the pump reservoir shall be at least four feet wide and have the same slip resistance and drainage requirements as top and pool decks. The pump reservoir area shall be accessible by a three-foot minimum width walkway deck for cleaning and maintenance.

10. Walkways. A four-foot minimum width, surfaced walkway, steps or stairway shall be provided between the pool and the top of the flume. These walkways and/or steps shall be well-drained, not retain standing water I and be separated from the flume by a physical barrier set back far enough from the operating flume so it cannot be contacted by users on the way down. Adjacent areas to the deck and walkways within the pool enclosure shall be safe and well drained.

11. Pump reservoirs--volume. The pump reservoirs shall have sufficient volume to contain at least two minutes of combined flow from all water treatment and flume pumps and/or contain enough water to ensure that the lower splash pool will maintain a constant water depth.

(c) Recirculation system. A water recirculation system consisting of pumps, piping, filters, water conditioning and disinfection equipment and other accessory equipment shall be provided which will clarify, condition and disinfect the pool volume of water. The equipment shall be operated on a 24-hour basis to obtain the minimum required number of 24 turnovers (equivalent to the volume of water in the system including pool and slides) per day (one turnover every hour). The pattern of recirculation developed in the pool shall be such that 20 percent of the flow shall be through the main drain and the remaining 80 percent through the overflow gutters or skimmers. All piping shall be designed to accommodate 100 percent of the design flow rate in pools where floor inlets and skimmers are utilized, and those pools should be operated with the main drain line closet and the skimmer lines balanced and opened completely. For pressure filter systems utilizing over-the-gutter recirculation, a surge device shall be provided.

(d) Bathing load. The bathing load is the maximum number of persons that will be allowed in the pool enclosure or area at one time. The bathing load shall be calculated on the basis of three persons for each ten square feet of the splash pool surface area.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-24)

Sec. 34-590. Training-special use pools.
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(a) All elements of this article apply to training-use pools except sections 34-571, 34- 587, 34-588, 34-589 and 34-591.

(b) Construction. Training-special use pools are pools specifically designed to train basic swimming or other special swimming skills. The design and construction of these pools shall be based on sound public health and engineering principles and shall be approved on an
individual basis.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-25)

Sec. 34-591. Natural bathing places.
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(a) Generally. Adequate facilities shall be provided and appropriate precautions shall be taken to control bathers' use of natural bathing places to ensure their health and well-being. A permit to operate a natural bathing place must be obtained from the health department.

(b) Survey. A sanitary survey shall be made to record characteristics of the water source, possible sources of sewage contamination, industrial wastes, potential hazards and site suitability. A report of this survey shall be submitted to the health department along with the permit application.

(c) Bacterial quality. Bacteriological analyses shall be made of the water and results shall be included in the sanitary survey. Resurvey and analyses may be required as often as deemed necessary by the health department. The average coliform density shall not exceed 1,000 most probable number (mpn) of coliform organisms per 100 milliliters. No less than three bacteriological samples shall be collected from the proposed bathing area each of the first three days of each week for three consecutive weeks prior to issuance of the operating permit.

(d) Sanitary facilities. Separate toilet and handwashing facilities shall be provided in accordance with anticipated bathing load. See section 34-584, sanitary facilities.

(e) Safety considerations. At least one lifeguard shall be provided for each 50 yards of waterfront/beach or fraction thereof. Lifeguards shall be capable swimmers and competent in rescue, lifesaving and first aid methods, including methods of artificial resuscitation. Each lifeguard's station (elevated station or platform) shall be equipped with a 20-inch diameter lifesaving ring attached to a 100-foot continuous length of light, strong line (manila or other suitable material) and a swimming buoy (diamond or torpedo type) attached to a continuous 100- to 300- foot length of trail line. If bathing is permitted beyond a depth of five feet, a - square, sterned boat, ten to 12 feet in length, shall be provided. The boat shall be equipped with oars and oarlocks and have on board one lifesaving ring with line. The boat shall be used by the lifeguard to patrol outer limits (greater than five feet depth) where bathers may stand during periods of maximum bathing loads. The outer safe limits, or boundary of the bathing area, shall be marked with buoys or other markers visible to bathers and spaced no less than 20 feet apart. In inclement weather or when wind or other factors pose hazards to bathers or hinder adequate control of the area, the guards shall cause evacuation of the area until proper conditions are restored.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-26)

Sec. 34-592. New equipment, construction and materials.
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The health department may grant tests, conditional construction permits or conditional licenses for new designs or new equipment proposed for use or installation in new or existing swimming pools if satisfactory proof is submitted that sound engineering and public health principles are complied with in the design of equipment. Performance guarantees may be required. Conditional permits and licenses shall require satisfactory performance in the field for a time period to be established by the health department.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-27)

Sec. 34-593. Right and refusal.
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Because of the infinite variations in the installation and operational conditions of all pools, health officials must look beyond this article to uncover any special problems which may be unique to the particular facility being evaluated. The health department reserves the right to evaluate and deny any proposal or request not specifically addressed or identified under this article based on sound engineering and public health principles.

(Res. of 6-25-86, § 30-2-9-28)

Sec. 34-594. Table II.
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FULTON COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENT

TABLE II

DWELLING/LIVING UNITS VS. MAXIMUM BATHING LOAD
* Swimming Pools with Transient Bathers 1

Swimming Pools with Nontransient Bathers2

1 Motels and hotels, etc., nonresidential.
2 Apartment complexes, condominiums, subdivision pools and clubs, etc. 3Use of table in calculating the bathing load shall be cumulative.
*Maximum number of bathers allowed inside pool enclosure at anyone time.

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